Pg. 178 "It's not just if the calorie is stored, it's where it's stored. There are three fat depots, but they confer different risks for the development of metabolic disease: 1) subcutaneous (butt) fat: you need about 22 pounds to worsen your health; 2) visceral (belly) fat: you need about 5 pounds to worsen your health, and 3) liver fat: you only need about 0.3 pounds to worsen your health. And almost all calories from added sugar are going to liver fat. If a calorie stored were a calorie stored, it wouldn't matter which fat depot was doing the storage--but it does. Protecting the liver is the prime directive."
Pg. 179 "There's a difference between pharmacokinetics (what your body does to a drug) and pharmacodynamics (what a drug does to your body). We have pharmacokinetic data on diet sweeteners to determine acute safety, which is part of the FDA's charter, but none of the pharmacodynamics. This has to do with chronic effects, which is not in the FDA's charter. The fact of the matter is, we don't know what any of these diet sweeteners do to the long-term food intake, weight, body fat, or metabolic status. The food industry doesn't do these studies because such studies are expensive and could have detrimental effects on sales. The NIH won't do them, saying it's the food industry's job. So the studies aren't done."
Pg. 182 "The fiber in food is perhaps the most important nutrient for health."
Pg. 185 "There are two kinds of starch: amylose (brown foods including beans, lentils, and legumes; carbs that are digested and absorbed slowly) and amylopectin (white foods including wheat, pasta, rice, and potatoes; carbs that are digested and absorbed rapidly). Amylose is better for you, as it's a string of glucose with two ends; therefore, only two enzymes at a time can chew it up, resulting in slow digestion and absorption. Amylopectin is more like a tree of glucose, with lots of branch points. Many more enzymes can chew it up at once, releasing glucose more rapidly, which is more likely to be absorbed early, flood the liver, and generate a bigger insulin response."
Pg. 179 "There's a difference between pharmacokinetics (what your body does to a drug) and pharmacodynamics (what a drug does to your body). We have pharmacokinetic data on diet sweeteners to determine acute safety, which is part of the FDA's charter, but none of the pharmacodynamics. This has to do with chronic effects, which is not in the FDA's charter. The fact of the matter is, we don't know what any of these diet sweeteners do to the long-term food intake, weight, body fat, or metabolic status. The food industry doesn't do these studies because such studies are expensive and could have detrimental effects on sales. The NIH won't do them, saying it's the food industry's job. So the studies aren't done."
Pg. 182 "The fiber in food is perhaps the most important nutrient for health."
Pg. 185 "There are two kinds of starch: amylose (brown foods including beans, lentils, and legumes; carbs that are digested and absorbed slowly) and amylopectin (white foods including wheat, pasta, rice, and potatoes; carbs that are digested and absorbed rapidly). Amylose is better for you, as it's a string of glucose with two ends; therefore, only two enzymes at a time can chew it up, resulting in slow digestion and absorption. Amylopectin is more like a tree of glucose, with lots of branch points. Many more enzymes can chew it up at once, releasing glucose more rapidly, which is more likely to be absorbed early, flood the liver, and generate a bigger insulin response."
Thanks for sharing this Brandon.